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PART A – UNIT 2: Self Management Skills
PART A – UNIT 1: Communication Skills
May 27, 2026Self Management Skills
MCQs
1. Self-management refers to the ability to control one’s ______ effectively in different situations.
(a) Income
(b) Emotions, thoughts and behaviour
(c) Friends
(d) Environment
Answer: (b) Emotions, thoughts and behaviour
2. Which of the following is NOT a component of self-management?
(a) Positive thinking
(b) Self-awareness
(c) Result orientation
(d) Gossiping
Answer: (d) Gossiping
3. Motivation is derived from the word ______.
(a) Motion
(b) Move
(c) Motive
(d) Moral
Answer: (c) Motive
4. Motivation that comes from within an individual is called:
(a) Extrinsic motivation
(b) External motivation
(c) Intrinsic motivation
(d) Social motivation
Answer: (c) Intrinsic motivation
5. Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?
(a) Studying for a prize
(b) Working for a salary
(c) Reading a book because you enjoy it
(d) Completing a task for a reward
Answer: (c) Reading a book because you enjoy it
6. Extrinsic motivation arises due to:
(a) Personal satisfaction
(b) Internal desires
(c) Incentives and rewards
(d) Curiosity
Answer: (c) Incentives and rewards
7. A positive attitude helps in improving:
(a) Mental health only
(b) Physical health only
(c) Both mental and physical health
(d) Financial status only
Answer: (c) Both mental and physical health
8. Which of the following is a way to maintain a positive attitude?
(a) Focus on problems only
(b) Learn from failures
(c) Avoid setting goals
(d) Compare yourself with others
Answer: (b) Learn from failures
9. Practising yoga, meditation and deep breathing helps in:
(a) Increasing stress
(b) Improving blood circulation and relaxation
(c) Reducing intelligence
(d) Wasting time
Answer: (b) Improving blood circulation and relaxation
10. According to the chapter, a good night’s sleep should be at least:
(a) 4 hours
(b) 5 hours
(c) 6 hours
(d) 7 hours
Answer: (d) 7 hours
11. Stress is a state of feeling:
(a) Happy and energetic
(b) Upset, annoyed and hopeless
(c) Relaxed and calm
(d) Confident and cheerful
Answer: (b) Upset, annoyed and hopeless
12. Which of the following is a method to manage stress?
(a) Ignoring problems completely
(b) Keeping thoughts in the present
(c) Avoiding family and friends
(d) Staying awake all night
Answer: (b) Keeping thoughts in the present
13. Result orientation means focusing on:
(a) Process only
(b) Entertainment
(c) Outcome of a task
(d) Luck
Answer: (c) Outcome of a task
14. What is the first step towards becoming result-oriented?
(a) Working hard
(b) Setting clear goals
(c) Taking holidays
(d) Buying resources
Answer: (b) Setting clear goals
15. SMART goals should be:
(a) Specific and Measurable
(b) Action-oriented
(c) Realistic and Timely
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
16. In SMART goals, the letter “R” stands for:
(a) Reliable
(b) Realistic
(c) Responsible
(d) Relevant
Answer: (b) Realistic
17. Self-awareness is about understanding one’s:
(a) Neighbours only
(b) School environment
(c) Needs, desires, habits, traits and feelings
(d) Financial condition
Answer: (c) Needs, desires, habits, traits and feelings
18. Which personality trait is associated with creativity, curiosity and flexibility?
(a) Neuroticism
(b) Agreeableness
(c) Openness
(d) Conscientiousness
Answer: (c) Openness
19. People who are kind, cooperative and considerate exhibit the trait of:
(a) Extraversion
(b) Agreeableness
(c) Neuroticism
(d) Openness
Answer: (b) Agreeableness
20. Which personality disorder is characterised by an extreme feeling of self-importance?
(a) Borderline Personality Disorder
(b) Avoidant Personality Disorder
(c) Narcissistic Personality Disorder
(d) Dependent Personality Disorder
Answer: (c) Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Long Answer Questions with Answers
1. What is self-management? Explain its importance in a student’s life.
Answer:
Self-management is the ability to control one’s emotions, thoughts, and behaviour effectively in different situations. It includes motivating oneself, maintaining discipline, managing time, solving problems, and working towards personal and academic goals. Self-management helps students become responsible and organized individuals.
The importance of self-management in a student’s life is immense. It helps students attend classes regularly, complete assignments on time, obey teachers and parents, and maintain discipline. Students with good self-management skills can handle challenges effectively and remain focused on their goals. These skills also improve productivity, confidence, and decision-making abilities. In the future, self-management helps individuals succeed in their careers and maintain a healthy work-life balance. Thus, self-management is essential for personal growth and success.
2. Explain motivation and differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
Answer:
Motivation is the force that drives a person to achieve a particular goal. It directs behaviour towards a specific objective and encourages individuals to work hard and remain focused.
There are two types of motivation:
Intrinsic Motivation:
Intrinsic motivation comes from within a person. An individual performs an activity because it is enjoyable, interesting, or personally satisfying. There is no expectation of external rewards. For example, a student reads books because he enjoys learning new things.
Extrinsic Motivation:
Extrinsic motivation arises due to external rewards such as money, praise, prizes, promotions, or recognition. People work towards a goal because of the rewards associated with it. For example, a student studies hard to win a scholarship.
While intrinsic motivation provides personal satisfaction, extrinsic motivation encourages performance through rewards. Both types of motivation play an important role in achieving success.
3. What is a positive attitude? Describe various ways to develop and maintain a positive attitude.
Answer:
A positive attitude is a mental outlook that focuses on hope, confidence, and constructive thinking. It enables individuals to face challenges with optimism and determination. A positive attitude improves mental and physical health, enhances relationships, and increases the chances of success.
Ways to maintain a positive attitude include:
- Start the day with positive affirmations.
- Read motivational books and listen to inspiring music.
- Focus on solutions instead of problems.
- Learn from failures and mistakes.
- Stay focused on present situations rather than worrying about the past or future.
- Set goals and work towards achieving them.
- Practice yoga, meditation, and exercise regularly.
- Follow a healthy and balanced diet.
- Organize academic and personal life efficiently.
- Get adequate sleep and spend time with family and friends.
A positive attitude helps individuals remain motivated and overcome life’s difficulties effectively.
4. What is stress? Explain the causes of stress and methods to manage it.
Answer:
Stress is a state of feeling upset, anxious, annoyed, or hopeless due to challenging situations. It can affect a person’s emotional, mental, and physical well-being.
Common causes of stress include:
- Poor academic performance
- Fear of failure
- Family issues
- Financial difficulties
- Work pressure
- Lack of confidence
Methods to manage stress include:
- Maintaining a positive attitude.
- Analyzing the situation carefully.
- Keeping an accomplishment sheet to record achievements.
- Staying focused on the present.
- Talking to family members and friends.
- Practicing yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises.
- Maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
- Taking breaks and participating in hobbies.
Effective stress management improves emotional stability, productivity, and overall quality of life.
5. What is result orientation? Explain the steps to become result-oriented.
Answer:
Result orientation refers to the ability to focus on desired outcomes and take necessary actions to achieve them. A result-oriented person concentrates on goals rather than merely performing activities.
Steps to become result-oriented are:
- Set Clear Goals: Clearly define what needs to be achieved.
- Prepare an Action Plan: Identify the steps required to achieve the goal.
- Use Proper Resources and Tools: Gather all necessary materials and support.
- Communicate with Mentors: Seek guidance from teachers, seniors, and experts.
- Monitor Progress: Use calendars and schedules to track performance.
- Work Hard Consistently: Stay committed and focused on the objective.
Result-oriented individuals are proactive, disciplined, and determined to achieve success.
6. Explain SMART Goal Setting with suitable examples.
Answer:
SMART is a framework used for effective goal setting. It helps individuals define goals clearly and systematically.
S – Specific: Goals should be clear and precise.
M – Measurable: Progress should be measurable.
A – Action-oriented: Goals should include specific actions.
R – Realistic: Goals should be achievable.
T – Timely: Goals should have deadlines.
Example:
Instead of saying, “I want to score good marks,” a SMART goal would be:
“I will score 90% marks in the annual examination by studying three hours daily and completing all practice papers before December.”
SMART goals increase focus, motivation, accountability, and chances of success.
7. What is self-awareness? Explain its importance and steps to develop it.
Answer:
Self-awareness is the ability to understand one’s own emotions, feelings, habits, strengths, weaknesses, desires, and behaviour. It helps individuals understand themselves better and make informed decisions.
Importance of self-awareness:
- Improves decision-making.
- Enhances emotional intelligence.
- Builds confidence.
- Helps identify strengths and weaknesses.
- Improves relationships with others.
- Supports personal and professional growth.
Steps to develop self-awareness:
- Recognize and understand emotions.
- Track feelings regularly.
- Reflect on actions and behaviours.
- Observe strengths and weaknesses objectively.
- Expand awareness to all areas of life.
Self-awareness helps individuals achieve personal growth and become more responsible and effective.
8. Define personality. Explain the Big Five Personality Traits.
Answer:
Personality refers to a combination of thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and behaviours that make an individual unique. It influences how a person interacts with others and responds to situations.
The Big Five Personality Traits are:
- Openness: Creativity, curiosity, flexibility, and willingness to learn.
- Conscientiousness: Discipline, responsibility, and careful planning.
- Extraversion: Sociability, confidence, and enthusiasm.
- Agreeableness: Kindness, cooperation, sympathy, and consideration.
- Neuroticism: Anxiety, insecurity, self-doubt, and emotional instability.
These traits help understand human behaviour and personality development. A balanced personality contributes to success and healthy relationships.
9. What are personality disorders? Explain the three clusters of personality disorders with examples.
Answer:
Personality disorders are long-term patterns of unhealthy thoughts, emotions, and behaviours that affect a person’s daily life and relationships.
They are grouped into three clusters:
Cluster A – Suspicious
People are distrustful and socially detached.
Examples:
- Paranoid Personality Disorder
- Schizoid Personality Disorder
- Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Cluster B – Emotional and Impulsive
People display unstable emotions and impulsive behaviour.
Examples:
- Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Borderline Personality Disorder
- Histrionic Personality Disorder
- Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Cluster C – Anxious
People experience excessive fear, anxiety, and dependence.
Examples:
- Avoidant Personality Disorder
- Dependent Personality Disorder
- Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
Personality disorders affect relationships, work, and emotional well-being if left untreated.
10. Discuss various personality disorders and suggest measures to overcome them.
Answer:
Personality disorders are mental conditions that influence a person’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours negatively.
Some common personality disorders are:
- Paranoid Personality Disorder: Excessive distrust and suspicion.
- Schizoid Personality Disorder: Lack of interest in social relationships.
- Borderline Personality Disorder: Emotional instability and fear of abandonment.
- Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Extreme self-importance.
- Avoidant Personality Disorder: Fear of criticism and rejection.
- Dependent Personality Disorder: Excessive reliance on others.
- Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder: Obsession with perfection and rules.
Measures to overcome personality disorders include:
- Talking openly with trusted people.
- Seeking professional counselling.
- Maintaining physical health through exercise and proper diet.
- Building self-confidence.
- Participating in hobbies such as music, painting, and sports.
- Practicing positive thinking.
- Learning stress-management techniques.
- Developing healthy social relationships.
